SHAKING HANDS WITH NON-MAHRAM: YUSUF AL-QARADHAWI

SUMMARY


Firstly, shaking hands between males and females who are not mahrams is only permissible when there is no desire or fear of fitnah. But if there is fear of fitnah, desire, or enjoyment, then handshaking is no doubt haram (unlawful). In contrast, if either of these two conditions (that there is no desire or fear of fitnah) is lacking between a male and any of his female mahrams, such as his aunt or foster sister or the like, then handshaking will be haram (although it is originally permissible).

Secondly, handshaking between males and females who are not mahrams should be restricted to necessary situations such as between relatives or those whose relationships are established by marriage. It is preferable not to expand the field of permissibility in order to block the means to evil and to be far away from doubt and to take the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as a model when there is no proof that he shook hands with a non-mahram woman. Also, it is preferable for the pious Muslim, male or female, not to stretch out his/her hand to shake the hand of anyone of the opposite sex who is not mahram. But if he/she is put in a situation that someone stretches out his/her hand to shake hands with him/her, then he/she can do that.


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The Question:

Is it proven in the Glorious Qur’an or the Sunnah that shaking hands with women is totally prohibited within the social and family relations when there is trust and no fear of temptation?

The Answer:

There is no doubt that shaking hands between males and females who are not mahrams (illegal for marriage) has become an intricate issue. Reaching an Islamic verdict on this issue away from extremism and dispensation needs a psychological, intellectual, and scientific effort so that the Mufti gets rid of the pressure of all imported and inherited customs unless they are based on the textual proofs of the Qur’an or the Sunnah.

Before tackling the issue in point, I would like to exclude two points on which I know there is agreement among the Muslim jurists of the righteous predecessors.

Firstly, it is prohibited to shake hands with a woman if there is fear of provoking sexual desire or enjoyment on the part of either one of them or if there is fear of temptation. This is based on the general rule that blocking the means to evil is obligatory, especially if its signs are clear. This ruling is ascertained in the light of what has been mentioned by Muslim jurists that a man touching one of his mahrams or having khalwah (privacy) with her moves to the prohibited, although it is originally permissible, if there is fear of fitnah (temptation) or provocation of desire.

Secondly, there is a dispensation in shaking hands with old women concerning whom there is no fear of desire. The same applies to the young girl concerning whom there is no fear of desire or temptation. The same ruling applies if the person is an old man concerning whom there is no fear of desire. This is based on what has been narrated on the authority of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that he used to shake hands with old women. Also, it is reported that `Abdullah ibn Az-Zubair hired an old woman to nurse him when he was sick, and she used to wink at him and pick lice from his head. This is also based on what has been mentioned in the Glorious Qur’an in respect of the old barren women, as they are given dispensation with regard to their outer garments. Almighty Allah says in this regard: “As for women past child bearing, who have no hope of marriage, it is no sin for them if they discard their (outer) clothing in such a way as not to show adornment. But to refrain is better for them. Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (An-Nur: 60)

Allah explains that there is no sin on the old barren women if they decide to remove their outer garments from their faces and such, so long as they do not do it in a manner in which they would be exposing their beauty wrongly.

Here the object of discussion deals with other than these two cases. There is no surprise that shaking hands with women is haram (unlawful) according to the viewpoint of those who hold that covering all of the woman’s body, including her face and the two hands, is obligatory. This is because if it becomes obligatory to cover the two hands, then it would become haram for the opposite sex to look at them. And, if looking at them is unlawful, then touching them would become haram with greater reason because touching is graver than looking, as it provokes desire more.

But it is known that the proponents of this view are the minority, while the majority of Muslim jurists, including the Companions, the Successors and those who followed them, are of the opinion that the face and the hands are excluded from the prohibition. They based their opinion on Almighty Allah’s saying, “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent …” (An-Nur: 31) So where is the evidence on prohibiting handshaking unless there is desire?

In fact, I searched for a persuasive and textual proof supporting the prohibition but I did not find it. As a matter of fact, the most powerful evidence here is blocking the means to temptation, and this is no doubt acceptable when the desire is roused or there is fear of temptation because its signs exist. But when there is no fear of temptation or desire, what is the reason for prohibition?

Some scholars based their ruling on the action of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of the Conquest of Makkah. When he wanted to take the pledge of women he said to them, “Go, for you have given your oath of allegiance.” But it is known that the Prophet’s leaving a matter does not necessarily indicate its prohibition, as he may leave it because it is haram (forbidden), makruh (reprehensible), or because it is not preferable. He may also leave it just because he is not inclined to it. An example of this last is the Prophet’s refraining from eating the meat of the lizard although it is permissible. Then, the Prophet’s refraining from shaking hands with women (other than his wives) is not evidence of the prohibition, and there should be other evidence to support the opinion of those who make shaking hands absolutely prohibited.

However, it is not agreed upon that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) refrained from shaking hands with women to take their oath of allegiance. Umm `Atiyyah Al-Ansariyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported another narrative that indicates that the Prophet shook hands with women to take their oath of allegiance. This is unlike the narration of the Mother of the Believers `A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) who denied this and swore that it had not happened.

It is narrated that `A’ishah, the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), said, “When the believing women migrated to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), they would be tested in accordance with the words of Allah, ‘O Prophet! If believing women come unto thee, taking oath of allegiance unto thee that they will ascribe nothing as partner unto Allah, and will neither steal nor commit adultery nor kill their children, nor produce any lie that they have devised between their hands and feet, nor disobey thee in what is right, then accept their allegiance and ask Allah to forgive them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.’ (Al-Mumtahanah: 12)” `A’ishah said, “Whoever among the believing women agreed to that passed the test, and when the women agreed to that, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to them, ‘Go, for you have given your oath of allegiance.’ No, by Allah, the hand of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) never touched the hand of any woman, rather they would give their oath of allegiance with words only.” And `A’ishah said, “By Allah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) only took the oath of allegiance from the women in the manner prescribed by Allah, and the hand of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) never touched the hand of any woman. When he had taken their oath of allegiance he would say, ‘I have accepted your oath of allegiance verbally.’” (Reported by Al-Bukhari)

In his explanation of the saying of `A’ishah, “No, by Allah, the hand of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) never touched the hand of any woman …” Al-Hafizh Ibn Hajar said: she swore to ascertain the news as if she (`A’ishah) wanted to refute the narration of Umm `Atiyyah. It is narrated on the authority of Ibn Hibban, Al-Bazzar, Al-Tabari, and Ibn Mardawih that Umm `Atiyyah said in respect of the story of taking the oath of allegiance of women, “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) held out his hand from outside the house and we (the immigrating women) held our hands from within the house, then he said, ‘O Allah, bear witness.’” In another narration reported by Al-Bukhari, Umm `Atiyyah said, “… thereupon a lady withdrew her hand (refrained from taking the oath of allegiance)…” This narration indicates that they (the immigrating women) took their oath of allegiance by shaking hands. Al-Hafizh said: we reply to the first saying that holding out hands from behind a veil is an indication of the acceptance of the allegiance even if there was no shaking of hands. As for the second narration, withdrawing hands indicates the postponement of accepting the pledge of allegiance or that taking the pledge of allegiance happened from behind a veil. This is supported by that narration of Abu Dawud on the authority of Al-Sha`bi that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wanted to take the pledge of allegiance of the immigrating women he brought a garment and put it over his hands saying, “I do not shake hands with women.” Furthermore, in his book Maghazi, Ibn Is-haq is reported to have said that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wanted to take the pledge of allegiance of the immigrating women, he would dip his hands in a vessel and a woman would dip her hands with him in the same vessel.

Al-Hafizh Ibn Hajar said: it is possible that taking the pledge of allegiance happened on more than one occasion. Sometimes, it happened without touching hands by any means, as narrated by `A’ishah. Another time it happened that the women’s oath of allegiance was accepted by shaking their hands with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), as narrated by Al-Sha`bi. A third time it happened that they dipped their hands in the vessel as mentioned by Ibn Is-haq.

The most correct view seems to be that it occurred on more than one occasion, if we realize that `A’ishah talked about taking the pledge of allegiance from the immigrating women after the Truce of Al-Hudaibiyah, while Umm `Atiyyah talked about what seems to be the oath of allegiance of the believing women in general.

By transmitting these narrations, I mean to clarify that the evidence of those who are of the opinion that shaking hands with women is prohibited is not agreed upon, as is thought by those who do not resort to the original sources. Rather, there is some controversy concerning this evidence.

Furthermore, some contemporary Muslim scholars have based their ruling concerning the prohibition of shaking hands with women on the Hadith narrated by Al-Tabari and Al-Baihaqi on the authority of Ma`qil ibn Yassar that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “It would be better for one of you to have himself stabbed on the head with an iron needle than to touch a woman that is illegal for him.”

Here, the following should be noted:

1. The scholars and Imams of Hadith have not declared the authenticity of this Hadith. Some of them say that its narrators are trustworthy, but this is not enough to prove the authenticity of the Hadith because there is a probability that there is an interruption in the chain of narrators or there was a hidden cause behind this Hadith. That is why Muslim jurists in the periods that followed the death of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) have not based their ruling on the prohibition of shaking hands with women on this Hadith.

2. Some Hanafi and Maliki jurists stated that the prohibition is not proven unless there is a certain qat`i (definitive) piece of evidence such as textual proofs from the Glorious Qur’an or authentic Hadiths on which there is no suspicion regarding the chains of narrators.

3. If we suppose that the above-mentioned Hadith is authentic, it is unclear to me that the Hadith indicates that it is prohibited for males and females who are not mahrams to shake hands. That is because the phrase “touch a woman that is illegal for him” does not refer to the mere touching without desire as happens in normal handshaking. But the Arabic word “al-mass” (touching) as used in the Shar`i texts of the Qur’an and the Sunnah refers to one of two things:

1. Sexual intercourse, as reported by Ibn `Abbas in his commentary to Almighty Allah’s saying, ‘… or ye have touched women …’. He stated that “touching” in the Qur’an refers figuratively to sexual intercourse. This is clear in the following Qur’anic verses that read: “She (Mary) said: ‘My Lord! How can I have a child when no mortal hath touched me?’” (Al `Imran: 47) and “If ye divorce them before ye have touched them …” (Al-Baqarah: 237)

2. Actions that precede sexual intercourse such as foreplay, kissing, hugging, caressing, and the like. This is reported from our righteous predecessors in the interpretation of the word “mulamasah”.

Al-Hakim stated in his Al-Mustadrak `Ala as-Sahihain: Al-Bukhari and Muslim have narrated many Hadiths that show that the meaning of the word “lams” (touching) refers to actions that precede sexual intercourse. Among them are:

a) The Hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “…The hands fornicate. Their fornication is the touch …”

b) The Hadith narrated by Ibn `Abbas that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “You might caress her.”

c) The Hadith narrated by Muslim that Ibn Mas`ud is reported to have said that a person came to Allah’s Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and told him that he had kissed a woman or touched her with his hand or did something like this. He inquired of him about its expiation. It was (on this occasion) that Allah, Glorified and Exalted be He, revealed this Qur’anic verse that reads “Establish worship at the two ends of the day and in some watches of the night. Lo! good deeds annul ill deeds …” (Hud: 114)

d) `A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) is reported to have said, “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to visit us (his wives) and it was his habit to kiss and caress us and do actions other than sexual intercourse until he reached the one whose turn was due and he stayed there.”

e) `Abdullah ibn Mas`ud is reported to have said in his commentary to Almighty Allah’s saying, “… or ye have touched women, …” that it refers to actions that precede sexual intercourse for which ablution is obligatory.

f) `Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) is reported to have said, “Kissing is to be considered among the touching acts, so perform ablution if you do.” (Al-Mustadrak, vol. 1, p. 135)

Hence, the opinion of Imam Malik and the substantial meaning of the legal verdict issued by Imam Ahmad in this respect are that the touching of a woman that nullifies ablution is that which is accompanied by desire. And this is the way they interpreted Almighty Allah’s saying, “… or ye have touched women, …”

That is why Sheikh Al-Islam Ibn Taimiyah regarded as weak the opinion of those who interpreted “mulamasah” or (touching) in the Qur’anic verse to mean mere touching without desire. In this regard, he says, “As for the nullification of ablution with mere touching, it does agree with the original rulings of the Shari`ah, the unanimous agreement of the Companions and the traceable traditions reported in this respect. Moreover, those who held this opinion have not based their ruling on a textual proof or an analogical deduction.”

So, if “touching” in Almighty Allah’s saying “… or ye have touched women, …” refers to touching with hands, kissing or the like, as said by Ibn `Umar and others, then it is known that when “touching” is mentioned in the Qur’an or the Sunnah it refers to that which is accompanied by desire. We would like to cite here the following verse that reads, “… and touch them not, while ye are in retreat in the mosques …” Here, it is not prohibited for the one who retreats to the mosque for devotion and worship to touch his wife without desire, but touching that is accompanied by desire is prohibited.

Also, this includes the Qur’anic verses that read “O ye who believe! If ye wed believing women and divorce them before ye have touched them, then there is no period that ye should reckon …” (Al-Ahzab: 49) “It is no sin for you if ye divorce women while yet ye have not touched them …” (Al-Baqarah: 236) For if he (the husband) touches his wife without desire, then the waiting period is not required and he is not required to pay her the whole dowry, according to the agreement of all Muslim scholars.

So, whoever assumes that Almighty Allah’s saying, “… or ye have touched women, …” includes general touching without desire has exceeded far beyond the language of the Qur’an and that of people. For if “touching” in which a man and a woman are included is mentioned, it is known that it refers to touching with desire. Similarly, if “sexual intercourse” in which a man and a woman are included is mentioned, it is well known that it refers to actual sexual intercourse and nothing else. (See the collection of Fatawa Sheikh Al-Islam Ibn Taimiyah, vol. 21, pp. 223-224)

In another context, Ibn Taimiyah stated: The Companions had debate regarding Almighty Allah’s saying, “… or ye have touched women, …”. Ibn `Abbas, supported by a group, held the opinion that touching here refers to sexual intercourse and added: Allah is modest and generous. He euphemizes with what He wills in respect of what He wills. Ibn Taimiyah added: This opinion is believed to be the most correct.

The Arabs disagreed regarding the meaning of touching: does it refer to sexual intercourse or actions that precede it? The first group said that it refers to sexual intercourse, while the second said that it refers to actions that precede it. They sought the arbitration of Ibn `Abbas, who supported the opinion of the first group and regarded that of the second as incorrect.

By transmitting all these sayings, I mean to show that when the word “al-mass” or “al-lams” (touching) is used to mean what a man does to a woman, it does not refer to mere touching but rather refers to either sexual intercourse or actions that precede it such as kissing, hugging, and any touching of the like that is accompanied by desire and enjoyment.

However, if we investigate the sahih (sound) Hadiths that are narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we will conclude that the mere touching of hands between a man and a woman without desire or fear of temptation is not prohibited. Rather, it was done by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), whose actions are originally a source of legislation. Almighty Allah says: “Verily in the Messenger of Allah ye have a good example …” (Al-Ahzab: 21). It is narrated on the authority of Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said, “Any of the female slaves of Madinah could take hold of the hand of Allah’s Messenger and take him wherever she wished.” (Reported by Al-Bukhari)

The above mentioned Hadith is a great sign of the modesty of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).

Furthermore, it is reported in the two Sahihs that Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to visit Umm Hiram bint Milhan, who would offer him meals. Umm Hiram was the wife of `Ubadah ibn As-Samit. Allah’s Messenger once visited her and she provided him with food and started looking for lice in his head. Then Allah’s Messenger slept putting his head in her lap, and afterwards woke up smiling. Umm Hiram asked, ‘What causes you to smile, O Allah’s Messenger?’ He said, ‘Some of my followers who (in a dream) were presented before me as fighters in Allah’s Cause (on board a ship) amidst this sea cause me to smile; they were as kings on thrones …’”

Al-Hafizh Ibn Hajar has mentioned lessons that are deduced from this Hadith: The guest is permitted to nap in a house other than his own on condition that he is given permission and there is no fear of fitnah. According to this Hadith a woman is also permitted to serve the guest by offering him a meal, drink or the like. Furthermore, a woman is permitted to look for lice in his head, but this last was an object of controversy. Ibn `Abd Al-Barr said, “I think that Umm Hiram or her sister Umm Sulaim had breast-fed the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So, each one of them had become his foster mother or his foster aunt. That was why he (the Prophet) used to sleep in her house and she used to deal with him as one of her mahrams.” Then he (Ibn `Abd Al-Barr) mentioned what indicates that Umm Hiram was one of the Prophet’s mahrams, as she was one of his relatives from his maternal aunts, since the mother of `Abd Al-Muttalib, his grandfather, was from Banu An-Najjar.

Others said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was infallible and could control his sexual desires even from his wives, so what about other women who were illegal for him while he was granted infallibility from doing any wrong action or obscenity? This was one of his distinctive traits.

Al-Qadi `Iyad replied that the distinctive traits of the Prophet are not proven by personal interpretations of Hadiths. As for his infallibility, it is indisputable, but the original ruling is that it is permissible to take the Prophet’s actions as a model unless there is evidence that this action is one his distinctive traits.

Furthermore, Al-Hafizh Al-Dumyati said: It is wrong to claim that Umm Hiram was one of the maternal aunts of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) either by reason of marriage or fosterage. Those who breast-fed the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) are well known. None of them was from the Ansar except the mother of `Abd Al-Muttalib. She was Salma bint `Amr ibn Zaid ibn Lubaid ibn Khirash ibn `Amir ibn Ghunm ibn `Adyy ibn An-Najjar. While Umm Hiram is the daughter of Milhan ibn Khalid ibn Zaid ibn Judub ibn `Amir ibn Ghunm ibn `Adyy ibn An-Najjar. Umm Hiram has a common ancestor with Salma only in their grandfather `Amir ibn Ghunm. So, they are not among his mahrams because it is a metaphorical relationship. Al-Hafizh Al-Dumyati added: If this is proven, it is reported in the Sahih books of Hadith that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used not to enter any house in Madinah except the house of Umm Sulaim besides those of his wives. When he was asked why, he said, “I take pity on her, as her brother (Hiram ibn Milhan) was killed in my company.”

If this Hadith has excluded Umm Sulaim, then Umm Hiram is granted the same exclusion as her because they are sisters and resided in the same house; each one of them had her own apartment beside their brother Hiram ibn Milhan. So, the case is mutual between them, as reported by Al-Hafizh ibn Hajar.

Moreover, Umm Sulaim is the mother of Anas ibn Malik, the servant of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and it was the habit of people that the master mixed with his servant and his family and did not deal with them as outsiders.

Then, Al-Dumyati said: There is no indication in the Hadith showing that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had khulwa (privacy) with Umm Hiram, as this might have happened in the presence of a son, a servant, or a husband.

Ibn Hajar replied: This is a strong likelihood, but it does not refute the original argument represented in looking for lice in the head and sleeping in her lap.

Ibn Hajar added: The best reply is that it is one of the distinctive traits of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) (See Fath Al-Bari, vol. 13, pp. 230-231).

What I conclude from the aforementioned narrations is that the mere touching is not haram. So, if there exists reasons for mixing as that between the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Umm Hiram and Umm Sulaim and there is no fear of fitnah, then there is nothing wrong with shaking hands when there is a need for it, such as when returning from travel, the non-mahram male relative visiting his female relative, and vice versa, especially if this meeting happens after a long period.

Finally, I would like to ascertain two points:

Firstly, shaking hands between males and females who are not mahrams is only permissible when there is no desire or fear of fitnah. But if there is fear of fitnah, desire, or enjoyment, then handshaking is no doubt haram (unlawful). In contrast, if either of these two conditions (that there is no desire or fear of fitnah) is lacking between a male and any of his female mahrams, such as his aunt or foster sister or the like, then handshaking will be haram (although it is originally permissible).

Secondly, handshaking between males and females who are not mahrams should be restricted to necessary situations such as between relatives or those whose relationships are established by marriage. It is preferable not to expand the field of permissibility in order to block the means to evil and to be far away from doubt and to take the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as a model when there is no proof that he shook hands with a non-mahram woman. Also, it is preferable for the pious Muslim, male or female, not to stretch out his/her hand to shake the hand of anyone of the opposite sex who is not mahram. But if he/she is put in a situation that someone stretches out his/her hand to shake hands with him/her, then he/she can do that.

I have tried to clarify the detailed ruling of the issue here in order to inform those who are in the dark about it how to behave while sticking to the tenets of their religion. Also, when the detailed Islamic ruling is explained and people are fully aware of it, there will be no room for personal justifications that are not supported by legal backing.


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MENSTRUATING WOMEN CAN READ AND TOUCH THE QUR'AN

A) IBN HAZM'S AL-MUHALLA

http://library.islamweb.net/newlibrary/display_book.php?flag=1&bk_no=17&ID=110

 المحلى بالآثار» كتاب الطهارة » مسألة قراءة القرآن والسجود فيه ومس المصحف

116 - مَسْأَلَةٌ : وَقِرَاءَةُ الْقُرْآنِ وَالسُّجُودُ فِيهِ وَمَسُّ الْمُصْحَفِ وَذِكْرُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى جَائِزٌ ، كُلُّ ذَلِكَ بِوُضُوءٍ وَبِغَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ وَلِلْجُنُبِ وَالْحَائِضِ . بُرْهَانُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ قِرَاءَةَ الْقُرْآنِ وَالسُّجُودَ فِيهِ وَمَسَّ الْمُصْحَفِ وَذِكْرَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى [ ص: 95 ] أَفْعَالُ خَيْرٍ مَنْدُوبٌ إلَيْهَا مَأْجُورٌ فَاعِلُهَا ، فَمَنْ ادَّعَى الْمَنْعَ فِيهَا فِي بَعْضِ الْأَحْوَالِ كُلِّفَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِالْبُرْهَانِ .

SUMMARY BY PARAPHRASING

Reading and touching the Qur'an is allowed for the menstruating women, for the person without wudhu', and for the person in a state of junub because these are good acts. Therefore, anyone who claims that it is forbidden to do so, the burden of proof is on him.

B) PROOFS

http://library.islamweb.net/newlibrary/display_book.php?idfrom=250&idto=251&bk_no=47&ID=122

SHAWKANI'S NAILUL AWTHAR

 نيل الأوطار » كتاب الطهارة » أبواب موجبات الغسل » باب تحريم القراءة على الحائض والجنب

299 - ( وَعَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : { لَا يَقْرَأُ الْجُنُبُ ، وَلَا الْحَائِضُ شَيْئًا مِنْ الْقُرْآنِ } رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ ) . الْحَدِيثُ فِي إسْنَادِهِ إسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ وَرِوَايَتُهُ عَنْ الْحِجَازِيِّينَ ضَعِيفَةٌ ، وَهَذَا مِنْهَا ، وَذَكَرَ الْبَزَّارُ أَنَّهُ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ ، وَسَبَقَهُ إلَى نَحْوِ ذَلِكَ الْبُخَارِيُّ ، وَتَبِعَهُمَا الْبَيْهَقِيُّ ، لَكِنْ رَوَاهُ الدَّارَقُطْنِيّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ مُوسَى ، وَمِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ وَفِيهِ مُبْهَمٌ عَنْ أَبِي مَعْشَرٍ ، وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ عَنْ مُوسَى ، قَالَ الْحَافِظُ : وَصَحَّحَ ابْنُ سَيِّدِ النَّاسِ طَرِيقَ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، وَأَخْطَأَ فِي ذَلِكَ ، فَإِنَّ فِيهَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةُ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ ، فَلَوْ سَلِمَ مِنْهُ لَصَحَّ إسْنَادُهُ ، وَإِنْ كَانَ ابْنُ الْجَوْزِيِّ ضَعَّفَهُ بِمُغِيرَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَلَمْ يُصِبْ فِي ذَلِكَ ، فَإِنَّ مُغِيرَةَ ثِقَةٌ . وَقَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ : حَدِيثُ إسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ هَذَا خَطَأٌ ، وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنْ قَوْلِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ . وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ : هَذَا بَاطِلٌ أُنْكِرَ عَلَى إسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ . 

وَالْحَدِيثُ يَدُلُّ عَلَى تَحْرِيمِ الْقِرَاءَةِ عَلَى الْجُنُبِ ، وَقَدْ عَرَفْت بِمَا ذَكَرْنَا أَنَّهُ لَا يَنْتَهِضُ لِلِاحْتِجَاجِ بِهِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ، وَقَدْ قَدَّمْنَا الْكَلَامَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي قَبْلَ هَذَا ، وَيَدُلُّ أَيْضًا عَلَى تَحْرِيمِ الْقِرَاءَةِ عَلَى الْحَائِضِ وَقَدْ قَالَ بِهِ قَوْمٌ . وَالْحَدِيثُ هَذَا وَاَلَّذِي بَعْدَهُ لَا يَصْلُحَانِ لِلِاحْتِجَاجِ بِهِمَا . عَلَى ذَلِكَ ، فَلَا يُصَارُ إلَى الْقَوْلِ بِالتَّحْرِيمِ إلَّا لِدَلِيلٍ . 

SUMMARY

HADITH: "The person in a state of junub and the menstruating woman should not read anything from the Qur'an."

EVALUATION: Hadith batil. It is the saying of Ibn Umar, not the Prophet.

Dari Ibnu Umar, dari Nabi SAW beliau bersabda, “Janganlah perempuan yang haid dan orang yang junub membaca sedikit pun juga dari (ayat) Al-Qur’an.” Dalam riwayat yang lain, “Janganlah orang yang junub dan perempuan yang haid membaca sedikit pun juga dari (ayat) Al-Qur’an”.

Hadits ini dha’if, diriwayatkan oleh Tirmidzi (no. 121). Ibnu Majah (no. 595 dan 596). Ad-Daruquthni (1/117) dan Baihaqiy (1/89), dari jalan Ismail bin Ayyaasy dari Musa bin Uqbah dari Naafi, dari Ibnu Umar (ia berkata seperti di atas). Berkata Al-Hafidzh Ibnu Hajar di kitabnya Talkhisul Habir (1/138) : Di dalam sanadnya ada Ismail bin Ayyaasy, sedangkan riwayatnya dari penduduk Hijaz dla’if dan di antaranya (hadits) ini. Berkata Ibnu Abi Hatim dari bapaknya (Abu Hatim), “Hadits Ismail bin Ayyaasy ini keliru, dan (yang benar) dia hanya perkataan Ibnu Umar”. Dan telah berkata Abdullah bin Ahmad dari bapaknya (yaitu Imam Ahmad ia berkata), “(Hadits) ini batil, “Beliau mengingkari (riwayat) Ismail.

300 - ( وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ { : لَا تَقْرَأُ الْحَائِضُ وَلَا النُّفَسَاءُ مِنْ الْقُرْآنِ شَيْئًا } . رَوَاهُ الدَّارَقُطْنِيّ ) . الْحَدِيثُ فِيهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ وَهُوَ مَتْرُوكٌ ، وَمَنْسُوبٌ إلَى الْوَضْعِ ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مَوْقُوفًا ، وَفِيهِ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ وَهُوَ كَذَّابٌ . وَقَالَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ : هَذَا الْأَثَرُ لَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ ، وَصَحَّ عَنْ عُمَرَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَقْرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ وَهُوَ جُنُبٌ ، وَسَاقَهُ عَنْهُ فِي الْخِلَافِيَّاتِ بِإِسْنَادٍ صَحِيحٍ . 

SUMMARY

Hadith: "The menstruating woman and the woman in a state of nifas should not read anything from the Qur'an."

EVALUATION: Its isnad contains two liars.

 Dari jalan Muhammad bin Fadl, dari bapaknya, dari Thawus, dari Jabir, ia berkata : Telah bersabda Rasulullah SAW, “Tidak boleh bagi perempuan yang haid dan nifas (dalam riwayat yang lain : Orang yang junub) membaca (ayat) Al-Qur’an sedikitpun juga (dalam riwayat) yang lain : Sedikitpun juga dari (ayat) Al-Qur’an)”.

Hadits ini maudhu’ (palsu), diriwayatkan oleh Ad-Daruquthni (2/87) dan Abu Nua’im di kitabnya Al-Hilyah (4/22). Sanad hadits ini maudhu (palsu) karena Muhammad bin Fadl bin Athiyah bin Umar telah dikatakan oleh para Imam ahli hadits sebagai pendusta sebagaimana keterangan Al-Hafidz Ibnu Hajar di Taqrib-nya (2/200). Dan di kitabnya Talkhisul Habir (1/138) beliau mengatakan bahwa orang ini matruk.

HANAFI FIQH ON NIKAH

YOU RAISE ME UP: JOSH GROBAN

VERSE A

1. When I am down and, oh, my soul, so weary;
2. When troubles come and my heart burdened be;
3. Then I am still and wait here in the silence,
4. Until you come and sit awhile with me.

CHORUS

1. You raise me up, so I can stand on mountains;
2. You raise me up to walk on stormy seas;
3. I am strong when I am on your shoulders;
4. You raise me up to more than I can be.

VERSE B

1. There is no life - no life without its hunger;
2. Each restless heart beats so imperfectly;
3. But when you come and I am filled with wonder,
4. Sometimes, I think I glimpse eternity.

DHUHA

1. BY THE MORNING BRIGHT
2. BY THE NIGHT WHEN ALL IS STILL
3. YOUR LORD HAS NOT FORSAKEN YOU
4. NOR IS HE ANNOYED
5. THE HEREAFTER SHALL BE EVEN BETTER FOR YOU THAN THE PRESENT
6. YOUR LORD SHALL SOON GIVE YOU 
7. AND LEAVE YOU SATISFIED
8. DID HE NOT FIND YOU AN ORPHAN AND SHELTER YOU?
9. HE FOUND YOU WONDERING AND LOST
10. SO HE GUIDED YOU
11. HE FOUND YOU DESTITUTE
12. SO HE MADE YOU WHOLE AND RICH
13. TREAT NOT THE ORPHAN WITH HARSHNESS
14. CHASE NOT THE BEGGAR AWAY
15. AS FOR YOUR LORD'S FAVOUR
16. PROCLAIM!

ARMIES FROM KHURASAN: MAHDI OR DAJJAL ?

(A) ARMIES OF KHURASAN ARE ARMIES OF IMAM MAHDI


ARTICLE BY HARUN YAHYA

http://www.harunyahya.com/en/Articles/195270/our-prophet-(saas)-foretold-the

All the details of the events taking place in the Middle East that we follow from the media  today were foretold by our Prophet (saas) 1,400 years ago. This is a great miracle.

1. THOSE WITH BLACK BANNERS WOULD APPEAR FROM THE EAST

WHEN THOSE WITH BLACK BANNERS APPEAR IN Khorasan’... (Ghaybah Numani, p. 228)

In the hadith, our Prophet (saas) draws attention to the black banners who would appear from the East. As we know, al-Qaida appeared with black banners from the East.

 2. AGAIN FROM THE EAST ANOTHER GROUP WITH BLACK BANNERS WOULD APPEAR

... Once they proceed for a while, THIS TIME SMALL BLACK BANNERS APPEAR…(Hadith from the compilation of Jalaladdin Suyuti, The Portents of the Mahdi of the End Times, p.61, hadith no. 7.77)

As is known, while ISIS was a part of al-Qaida before, they parted  ways. That is, following al-Qaida, in other words, the big black banners, this time ISIS had  small black banners instead.

 3. BEFORE THE APPEARANCE OF BLACK BANNERS THERE WILL BE FIGHTING IN SYRIA

3. BEFORE THE APPEARANCE OF BLACK BANNERS THERE WILL BE FIGHTING IN SYRIA

 “Following the three portents await the appearance of Hazrat Mahdi (as).”

They asked him: “What are these portents?”

“THE MUTUAL DISPUTES OF SYRIANS, appearance of those with black flags from Khorasan and fear in the month of Ramadan.” (Bihâr Al-Anwâr, 14)

 4. THOSE WITH BLACK FLAGS WILL REMAIN IN SYRIA...And again WHEN A MAN WITH SMALL BLACK FLAG IS SEEN FROMSHAAM (SYRIA)… (Hadith from the compilation of Jalaladdin Suyuti, The Portents of the Mahdi of the End Times, p.61, hadith no. 7.8)

... Another portent of (Mahdi’s appearance) is that THE SOLDIERS OF THE ARMY WITH BLACK BANNERS TIE THEIR HORSES TO THE OLIVE TREES IN SHAAM.... (Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar fi `Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntazar, p. 23)

 5. THEY WILL FIGHT AGAINST ASSAD

... THEY FIGHT AGAINST A MAN FROM THE DESCENT OF SUFYAN... (Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar fi `Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntazar, p. 29)

The hadith refers to Hafiz Assad, who  carried out great massacres against Muslims during his reign, as the Sufyan. Consequently the person from the lineage of Sufyan, with whom  those with black banners will fight, is Bashar Assad.



 6. THEY WILL TURN THEIR ATTENTION TO IRAQ AFTER SYRIA

BLACK BANNERS appear BELONGING TO BENI ABBAS (IRAQ)…(Nuaym bin Hammad, Qitab al-Fitan)

THEY WILL KILL (THOSE OPPOSING THEM) ON THE LAND AND SEA ON THEIR CITIES ON THE BANKS OF EUPHRATES. (Ghaybah Nomani, p. 327)

 7. THEY WILL OBTAIN RESULTS VERY QUICKLY

While they are in this situation,, flags from Khorosan will come, THEY WILL MOVE SWIFTLY. (Ghaybah Nomani, p. 327)

They will return from there with an army and seize Kufa and Basra IN ONE NIGHT… (Qitab al-Haft Al Sharif, p.174)

 8. THE CITIES THEY ENTER WILL ALMOST BE PRESENTED TO THEM

Once this is not given to them, they will triumph by making war and WHAT THEY WANT WILL BE PRESENTED TO THEM. (Majlisî, Bihâr al-Anwâr, v.51, p.87)



9. THEIR HAIR AND BEARDS WILL BE LONG

HIS (the commander of the black banners) SOLDIERS’ HAIR AND BEARDS WILL BE VERY LONG, their clothes are black,and THEY ARE THE MEN OF BLACK BANNERS. (Ghaybah Nomani, p.303)

 10. THEY WILL CARRY OUT ENORMOUS MASSACRES

God will send a hard-hearted person with no known lineage and triumphs will be with him… THEY WILL KILL THEM (those opposing them) EN MASSE WITHOUT SEEING ANY DIFFERENCE. (Ghaybah Nomani, p. 303)

 11. THEY WILL PROCEED TOWARDS QUFA

THOSE WITH BLACK FLAGS appearing from Khorasan COME DOWN TO QUFA... (Hadith from the compilation of Jalaluddun Suyuti, The Portents of The Mahdi of the End Times, p.61, hadith no: 7.12)

 12. THEY WILL ALSO TARGET JERUSALEM

From Khorasan THOSE WITH BLACK BANNERS WILL APPEAR AND UNTIL THEY PLANT A FLAG IN ILYA (JERUSALEM), no one can stop them. (Hadith from the compilation of Jalaluddun Suyuti, The Portents of The Mahdi of the End Times, p.61, hadith no: 7.3)



13. DUE TO THE INCREASE IN VIOLENCE AND CONFLICT, PEOPLE WILL ASK FOR MAHDI

A great war occurs. Ultimately those with black banners triumph. The forces of Sufyan flee. AT THAT TIME, PEOPLE DESIRE MAHDI AND SEEK HIM. (Hadith from the compilation of Jalaluddun Suyuti, The Portents of The Mahdi of the End Times, p.61, hadith no: 7.26)

 14. THOSE WITH BLACK BANNERS WILL ULTIMATELY OBEY MAHDI

...and THEY COME UNDER THE OBEDIENCE OF MAHDI. (Imam Suyûtî)

But they will not accept it and GIVE IT TO MAHDI, WHO IS OF MY OWN DESCENT…(Majlisi Bihar al-Anwar, v.51,p. 87)

 15. IN THE TIME OF MAHDI, WARS WILL COME TO AN ULTIMATE END AND NOT A DROP OF BLOOD WILL BE SPILLED

One of the main attributes of the Mahdi is his not spilling any blood. It is not the Mahdi who sheds blood, gets into wars or oppresses people. Such false Mahdis are doomed to failure.

 (Mahdi) has such a justice that, EVEN A SLEEPING PERSON WOULD NOT BE AWOKEN AND NOT A DROP OF BLOOD WILL BE SHED. (Majlusi, Bihar al-Anwar, v. 51, p.87)

THE ARMIES WILL LEAVE THEIR BURDENS (THAT IS, WEAPONS ETC.). No enmity will remain among people. All enmities, struggle, jealousy, oppositions will definitely disappear. (Imam Sharani, Death-Doomsday-Hereafter and the End Times, p. 496)



As it is seen clearly, all that our Prophet (saas) said is coming true one by one. The incidents taking place in the Middle East and the world proceed as was related by our Prophet (saas).

It is a great miracle that all these portents related in the hadith come into existence. However these miracles are ignored by many Islamic scholars in our day. Yet even if they make effort to conceal them, we are in the last phase of the world.

By God’s will we will all see Prophet Jesus (as) and Hazrat Mahdi (as).



HARUN YAHYA : A FREEMASON

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8eUOY1SGxyQ




(B) ARMIES OF KHURASAN ARE ARMIES OF AL-MASIH DAJJAL


http://www.ahlalhdeeth.com/vbe/showthread.php?p=108240

http://abuaminaelias.com/are-the-hadith-of-the-black-flags-authentic/


Hadith recorded by al-Tirmizi , Ibn Majah , Ahmad , al-Hakim and Abu Ya'lah reads: "al-Dajjal (Anti-Christ) will come out from a land called Khurasan and he will be followed by some nations whose people's faces are like a shield due to being round, large and thick, because of the several layers of leather that cover shield.



ISFAHAN (part of khurasan)

The Dajjal would be followed by seventy thousand Jews of Isfahan wearing Persian shawls.

يَتْبَعُ الدَّجَّالَ مِنْ يَهُودِ أَصْبَهَانَ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفًا عَلَيْهِمُ الطَّيَالِسَةُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Reference : Sahih Muslim 2944
In-book reference : Book 54, Hadith 155
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 41, Hadith 7034

LAGU2 HADIS

HADIS HIJRAH

إنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ، وَإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَهِجْرَتُهُ إلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ لِدُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا أَوْ امْرَأَةٍ يَنْكِحُهَا فَهِجْرَتُهُ إلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إلَيْهِ. 

DU'A ISTIKHARAH

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَخِيرُكَ بِعِلْمِكَ وَأَسْتَقْدِرُكَ بِقُدْرَتِكَ وَأَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ الْعَظِيمِ فَإِنَّكَ تَقْدِرُ وَلَا أَقْدِرُ وَتَعْلَمُ وَلَا أَعْلَمُ وَأَنْتَ عَلَّامُ الْغُيُوبِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ خَيْرٌ لِي فِي دِينِي وَمَعَاشِي وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِي فَاقْدُرْهُ لِي وَيَسِّرْهُ لِي ثُمَّ بَارِكْ لِي فِيهِ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ شَرٌّ لِي فِي دِينِي وَمَعَاشِي وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِي فَاصْرِفْهُ عَنِّي وَاصْرِفْنِي عَنْهُ وَاقْدُرْ لِيَ الْخَيْرَ حَيْثُ كَانَ ثُمَّ ارْضِنِي بِهِ

IMAM NAWAWI HADIS NO.5

إنَّ الْحَلَالَ بَيِّنٌ، وَإِنَّ الْحَرَامَ بَيِّنٌ، وَبَيْنَهُمَا أُمُورٌ مُشْتَبِهَاتٌ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ النَّاسِ، فَمَنْ اتَّقَى الشُّبُهَاتِ فَقْد اسْتَبْرَأَ لِدِينِهِ وَعِرْضِهِ، وَمَنْ وَقَعَ فِي الشُّبُهَاتِ وَقَعَ فِي الْحَرَامِ، كَالرَّاعِي يَرْعَى حَوْلَ الْحِمَى يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَرْتَعَ فِيهِ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ مَلِكٍ حِمًى، أَلَا وَإِنَّ حِمَى اللَّهِ مَحَارِمُهُ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ فِي الْجَسَدِ مُضْغَةً إذَا صَلَحَتْ صَلَحَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، وَإذَا فَسَدَتْ فَسَدَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، أَلَا وَهِيَ الْقَلْبُ"

HADIS NAWAWI: 34

لَا تَحَاسَدُوا، وَلَا تَنَاجَشُوا، وَلَا تَبَاغَضُوا، وَلَا تَدَابَرُوا، وَلَا يَبِعْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ، وَكُونُوا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ إخْوَانًا، الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ، لَا يَظْلِمُهُ، وَلَا يَخْذُلُهُ، وَلَا يَكْذِبُهُ، وَلَا يَحْقِرُهُ، التَّقْوَى هَاهُنَا، وَيُشِيرُ إلَى صَدْرِهِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، بِحَسْبِ امْرِئٍ مِنْ الشَّرِّ أَنْ يَحْقِرَ أَخَاهُ الْمُسْلِمَ، كُلُّ الْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ حَرَامٌ: دَمُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعِرْضُهُ

HADIS HIJRAH

إنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ، وَإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَهِجْرَتُهُ إلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ لِدُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا أَوْ امْرَأَةٍ يَنْكِحُهَا فَهِجْرَتُهُ إلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إلَيْهِ. 

DU'A ISTIKHARAH

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَخِيرُكَ بِعِلْمِكَ وَأَسْتَقْدِرُكَ بِقُدْرَتِكَ وَأَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ الْعَظِيمِ فَإِنَّكَ تَقْدِرُ وَلَا أَقْدِرُ وَتَعْلَمُ وَلَا أَعْلَمُ وَأَنْتَ عَلَّامُ الْغُيُوبِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ خَيْرٌ لِي فِي دِينِي وَمَعَاشِي وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِي فَاقْدُرْهُ لِي وَيَسِّرْهُ لِي ثُمَّ بَارِكْ لِي فِيهِ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ شَرٌّ لِي فِي دِينِي وَمَعَاشِي وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِي فَاصْرِفْهُ عَنِّي وَاصْرِفْنِي عَنْهُ وَاقْدُرْ لِيَ الْخَيْرَ حَيْثُ كَانَ ثُمَّ ارْضِنِي بِهِ

IMAM NAWAWI HADIS NO.5

إنَّ الْحَلَالَ بَيِّنٌ، وَإِنَّ الْحَرَامَ بَيِّنٌ، وَبَيْنَهُمَا أُمُورٌ مُشْتَبِهَاتٌ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ كَثِيرٌ مِنْ النَّاسِ، فَمَنْ اتَّقَى الشُّبُهَاتِ فَقْد اسْتَبْرَأَ لِدِينِهِ وَعِرْضِهِ، وَمَنْ وَقَعَ فِي الشُّبُهَاتِ وَقَعَ فِي الْحَرَامِ، كَالرَّاعِي يَرْعَى حَوْلَ الْحِمَى يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَرْتَعَ فِيهِ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ مَلِكٍ حِمًى، أَلَا وَإِنَّ حِمَى اللَّهِ مَحَارِمُهُ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ فِي الْجَسَدِ مُضْغَةً إذَا صَلَحَتْ صَلَحَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، وَإذَا فَسَدَتْ فَسَدَ الْجَسَدُ كُلُّهُ، أَلَا وَهِيَ الْقَلْبُ"

HADITH: WHEN WIVES QUARREL

"The wives of the Prophet got together and sent Fatimah to the Prophet. They told her to say: 'Your wives'" -and he (the narrator) said something to the effect that they are urging you to be equitable with regard to the matter of the daughter of Abu Quhafah. She said: "So she entered upon the Prophet when he was with 'Aishah under her cover.

She said to him: 'Your wives have sent me and they are urging you to be equitable with regard to the matter of the daughter of Abu Quhafah.' The Prophet said to her: 'Do you love me?' She said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Then love her.'

So she went back to them and told them what he said. They said to her: 'You did not do anything; go back to him.' She said: 'By Allah, I will never go back (and speak to him) about her again.' She was truly the daughter of the Messenger of Allah.

So they sent Zainab bint Jahsh." 'Aishah said: "She was somewhat my equal among the wives of the Prophet. She said: 'Your wives have sent me to urge you to be equitable with regard to the matter of the daughter of Abu Quhafa.' Then she swooped on me and abused me, and I started watching the Prophet to see if he would give me permission to respond to her. She insulted me and I started to think that he would not disapprove if I responded to her.

So I insulted her and I soon silenced her. Then the Prophet said to her: 'She is the daughter of Abu Bakr.'" 'Aishah said: "And I never saw any woman who was better, more generous in giving charity, more keen to uphold the ties of kinship, and more generous in giving of herself in everything by means of which she could draw closer to Allah than Zainab. But she had a quick temper; however, she was also quick to calm down."

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتِ اجْتَمَعْنَ أَزْوَاجُ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَأَرْسَلْنَ فَاطِمَةَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْنَ لَهَا إِنَّ نِسَاءَكَ وَذَكَرَ كَلِمَةً مَعْنَاهَا يَنْشُدْنَكَ الْعَدْلَ فِي ابْنَةِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ فَدَخَلَتْ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَهُوَ مَعَ عَائِشَةَ فِي مِرْطِهَا فَقَالَتْ لَهُ إِنَّ نِسَاءَكَ أَرْسَلْنَنِي وَهُنَّ يَنْشُدْنَكَ الْعَدْلَ فِي ابْنَةِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ أَتُحِبِّينِي ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَأَحِبِّيهَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ فَرَجَعَتْ إِلَيْهِنَّ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُنَّ مَا قَالَ فَقُلْنَ لَهَا إِنَّكِ لَمْ تَصْنَعِي شَيْئًا فَارْجِعِي إِلَيْهِ ‏.‏ فَقَالَتْ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِ فِيهَا أَبَدًا ‏.‏ وَكَانَتِ ابْنَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم حَقًّا فَأَرْسَلْنَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ جَحْشٍ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَهِيَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تُسَامِينِي مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَتْ أَزْوَاجُكَ أَرْسَلْنَنِي وَهُنَّ يَنْشُدْنَكَ الْعَدْلَ فِي ابْنَةِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَتْ عَلَىَّ تَشْتِمُنِي فَجَعَلْتُ أُرَاقِبُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَنْظُرُ طَرْفَهُ هَلْ يَأْذَنُ لِي مِنْ أَنْ أَنْتَصِرَ مِنْهَا - قَالَتْ - فَشَتَمَتْنِي حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَنْتَصِرَ مِنْهَا فَاسْتَقْبَلْتُهَا فَلَمْ أَلْبَثْ أَنْ أَفْحَمْتُهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏"‏ إِنَّهَا ابْنَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَلَمْ أَرَ امْرَأَةً خَيْرًا وَلاَ أَكْثَرَ صَدَقَةً وَلاَ أَوْصَلَ لِلرَّحِمِ وَأَبْذَلَ لِنَفْسِهَا فِي كُلِّ شَىْءٍ يُتَقَرَّبُ بِهِ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ زَيْنَبَ مَا عَدَا سَوْرَةً مِنْ حِدَّةٍ كَانَتْ فِيهَا تُوشِكُ مِنْهَا الْفَيأَةَ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا خَطَأٌ وَالصَّوَابُ الَّذِي قَبْلَهُ ‏.‏

Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 3946
In-book reference : Book 36, Hadith 8
English translation : Vol. 4, Book 36, Hadith 3398

HADITH: GOOD AND BAD SPEECH

"Two men recited a Tashahhud before the Prophet and one of them said: 'Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has been guided aright and whoever disobeys them has gone astray.' The Messenger of Allah said: 'What a bad speaker you are!'"

تَشَهَّدَ رَجُلاَنِ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا مَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ رَشَدَ وَمَنْ يَعْصِهِمَا فَقَدْ غَوَى ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ بِئْسَ الْخَطِيبُ أَنْتَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 3279

In-book reference : Book 26, Hadith 84

English translation : Vol. 4, Book 26, Hadith 3281

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that a man spoke to the Prophet about something and the Prophet said:

Praise be to Allah, we seek His help. Whomsoever Allah guides will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship but Allah (alone with no partners) and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. To proceed.

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، كَلَّمَ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي شَىْءٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ إِنَّ الْحَمْدَ لِلَّهِ نَحْمَدُهُ وَنَسْتَعِينُهُ مَنْ يَهْدِهِ اللَّهُ فَلاَ مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَلاَ هَادِيَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَمَّا بَعْدُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 3278

In-book reference : Book 26, Hadith 83

English translation : Vol. 4, Book 26, Hadith 3280

THE FALSE MESSIAH 3

I heard the Messenger of Allah [SAW] with my own ears, and saw him with my own eyes. Some wealth was brought to the Messenger of Allah [SAW] and he distributed it to those on his right and on his left, but he did not give anything to those who were behind him. Then a man stood behind him and said: "O Muhammad! You have not been just in your division!" He was a man with black patchy (shaved) hair, wearing two white garments. So Allah's Messenger [SAW] became very angry and said: "By Allah! You will not find a man after me who is more just than me." Then he said: "A people will come at the end of time; as if he is one of them, reciting the Qur'an without it passing beyond their throats. They will go through Islam just as the arrow goes through the target. Their distinction will be shaving. They will not cease to appear until the last of them comes with Al-Masih Ad-Dajjal. So when you meet them, then kill them, they are the worst of created beings.

وَرَأَيْتُهُ بِعَيْنِي أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِمَالٍ فَقَسَمَهُ فَأَعْطَى مَنْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَمَنْ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ وَلَمْ يُعْطِ مَنْ وَرَاءَهُ شَيْئًا فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا عَدَلْتَ فِي الْقِسْمَةِ ‏.‏ رَجُلٌ أَسْوَدُ مَطْمُومُ الشَّعْرِ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبَانِ أَبْيَضَانِ فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم غَضَبًا شَدِيدًا وَقَالَ ‏"‏ وَاللَّهِ لاَ تَجِدُونَ بَعْدِي رَجُلاً هُوَ أَعْدَلُ مِنِّي ‏"‏ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏"‏ يَخْرُجُ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ قَوْمٌ كَأَنَّ هَذَا مِنْهُمْ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ لاَ يُجَاوِزُ تَرَاقِيَهُمْ يَمْرُقُونَ مِنَ الإِسْلاَمِ كَمَا يَمْرُقُ السَّهْمُ مِنَ الرَّمِيَّةِ سِيمَاهُمُ التَّحْلِيقُ لاَ يَزَالُونَ يَخْرُجُونَ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ آخِرُهُمْ مَعَ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُوهُمْ فَاقْتُلُوهُمْ هُمْ شَرُّ الْخَلْقِ وَالْخَلِيقَةِ 

Reference	: Sunan an-Nasa'i 4103
In-book reference	: Book 37, Hadith 138
English translation	: Vol. 5, Book 37, Hadith 4108

The Messenger of Allah said: "There will emerge people who will recite the Qur'an but it will not go any deeper than their collarbones. Whenever a group of them appears, they should be cut off (i.e. killed)." Ibn 'Umar said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah say: 'Whenever a group of them appears, they should be killed' - (he said it) more than twenty times- 'until Dajjal emerges among them.'"

نْشَأُ نَشْءٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ لاَ يُجَاوِزُ تَرَاقِيَهُمْ كُلَّمَا خَرَجَ قَرْنٌ قُطِعَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَقُولُ ‏"‏ كُلَّمَا خَرَجَ قَرْنٌ قُطِعَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ عِشْرِينَ مَرَّةً ‏"‏ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ فِي عِرَاضِهِمُ الدَّجَّالُ ‏"‏ 

[شرح محمد فؤاد عبد الباقي]

[ش (نشء) يروى بفتح الشين جمع ناشئ كخدم وخادم. يريد جماعة أحداثا. والمحفوظ بسكون الشين كأنه تسمية بالمصدر. النهأية. (كلما خرج قرن) أي ظهرت طائفة منهم. (قطع) أي استحق أن يقطع. (في عراضهم) في خداعهم. وفي بعض النسخ " أعراضهم " جمع عرض بمعنى الجيش العظيم. وهو مستعار من العرض بمعنى ناحية من الجبل أو بمعنى السحاب الذي يسد الأفق] .

English reference	: Vol. 1, Book 1, Hadith 174
	Arabic reference: Book 1, Hadith 179 SUNAN IBN MAJAH

IBN SAYYAD

(1)

We were along with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) that we happened to pass by children amongst whom there was Ibn Sayyad. The children made their way but Ibn Sayyad kept sitting there (and it seemed) as if Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) did not like it (his sitting with the children) and said to him: May your nose he besmeared with dust, don't you bear testimony to the fact that I am the Messenger of Allah? 

Thereupon he said: No, but you should bear testimony that I am the messenger of Allah. 

Thereupon 'Umar b. Khattab said: Allah's Messenger, permit me that I should kill him. 

Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: If he is that person who is in your mind (Dajjal ), you will not be able to kill him.

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2924 a
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 110
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 6990

(2)

We were walking with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) that Ibn Sayyad happened to pass by him. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to him: I have concealed for you (something to test you, so tell me that). He said: It is Dukh. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to him: Be off. You cannot get farther than your rank, 

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2924 b
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 111
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 6991

(3)

O Companions of Muhammad, that you take me as Dajjal? Has Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) not said that he would be a Jew whereas I am a Muslim and he also said that he would not have children, whereas I have children, 

and he also said: verily, Allah has prohibited him to enter Mecca whereas I have performed Pilgrimage, 

and he went on saying this that I was about to be impressed by his talk. 

He (however) said this also: I know where he (Dajjal) is and I know his father and mother, 

and it was said to him: Won't you feel pleased if you would be the same person? Thereupon he said: If this offer is made to me, I would not resent that.

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2927 b
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 115
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 6995

THE FALSE MESSIAH 2

HORNS OF THE SATAN IS IN THE EAST

O people of Iraq, how strange it is that you ask about the minor sins but commit major sins? I heard from my father `Abdullah b. `Umar, narrating that he heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying while pointing his hand towards the east: Verily, the turmoil would come from this side, from where appear the horns of Satan and you would strike the necks of one another

قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سَالِمَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، بْنِ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ يَا أَهْلَ الْعِرَاقِ مَا أَسْأَلَكُمْ عَنِ الصَّغِيرَةِ وَأَرْكَبَكُمْ لِلْكَبِيرَةِ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏"‏ إِنَّ الْفِتْنَةَ تَجِيءُ مِنْ هَا هُنَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَأَوْمَأَ بِيَدِهِ نَحْوَ الْمَشْرِقِ ‏"‏ مِنْ حَيْثُ يَطْلُعُ قَرْنَا الشَّيْطَانِ ‏"‏ ‏.

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2905 f
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 63
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 6943

DAJJAL TWO EYES AND ILLITERATE READS K-F-R

The Messenger of Allah said: 'I know what the Dajjal will have with him. He will have two flowing rivers, one that appears to the eye to be clear water, and one that appears to the eye to be flaming fire. If anyone sees that, let him go to the river which he thinks is fire and close his eyes, then lower his head and drink from it, for it is cool water. The Dajjal has one blind eye, with a layer of thick skin over it, and between his eyes is written "disbeliever," which every believer will read, whether he is literate or illiterate.'

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2934 b
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 131
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 7010

IMAGE OF PARADISE/HELL


May I not inform you about the Dajjal what no Apostle of Allah narrated to his people? He would be blind and he would bring along with him an Image of Paradise and Hell-Fire and what he would call as Paradise that would be Hell-Fire and I warn you as Noah warned his people.

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2936
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 135
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 7014

SELF-DEFENSE, GOG & MAGOG


If he (DAJJAL) comes forth while I am among you, I shall contend with him on your behalf, but if he comes forth while I am not amongst you, a man must contend on his own behalf and Allah would take care of every Muslim on my behalf (and safeguard him against his evil). 

وَإِنْ يَخْرُجْ وَلَسْتُ فِيكُمْ فَامْرُؤٌ حَجِيجُ نَفْسِهِ وَاللَّهُ خَلِيفَتِي عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ

He (Dajjal) would be a young man (إِنَّهُ شَابٌّ) with twisted, contracted hair, and a blind eye. I compare him to `Abd-ul-`Uzza b. Qatan. 

He who amongst you would survive to see him should recite over him the opening verses of Sura Kahf (xviii). 

He would appear on the way between Syria and Iraq and would spread mischief right and left.
 إِنَّهُ خَارِجٌ خَلَّةً بَيْنَ الشَّأْمِ وَالْعِرَاقِ

O servant of Allah! adhere (to the path of Truth). We said: Allah's Messenger, how long would he stay on the earth? He (ﷺ) said: For forty days, one day like a year and one day like a month and one day like a week and the rest of the days would be like your days. 

We said: Allah's Messenger, would one day's prayer suffice for the prayers of day equal to one year? Thereupon he (ﷺ) said: No, but you must make an estimate of time (and then observe prayer). 

We said: Allah's Messenger, how quickly would he walk upon the earth? Thereupon he (ﷺ) said: Like cloud driven by the wind. 

He would come to the people and invite them (to a wrong religion) and they would affirm their faith in him and respond to him. 
فَيَدْعُوهُمْ فَيُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ


He would then give command to the sky and there would be rainfall upon the earth and it would grow crops. Then in the evening, their pasturing animals would come to them with their humps very high and their udders full of milk and their flanks stretched. He would then come to another people and invite them. But they would reject him and he would go away from them and there would be drought for them and nothing would be left with them in the form of wealth. 

He would then walk through the waste land and say to it: Bring forth your treasures, and the treasures would come out and collect (themselves) before him like the swarm of bees. 

He would then call a person brimming with youth and strike him with the sword and cut him into two pieces and (make these pieces lie at a distance which is generally) between the archer and his target. He would then call (that young man) and he will come forward laughing with his face gleaming (with happiness) and it would be at this very time that Allah would send Christ, son of Mary, and he will descend at the white minaret in the eastern side of Damascus wearing two garments lightly dyed with saffron and placing his hands on the wings of two Angels. 

When he would lower his head, there would fall beads of perspiration from his head, and when he would raise it up, beads like pearls would scatter from it. Every non-believer who would smell the odor of his self would die and his breath would reach as far as he would be able to see. He would then search for him (Dajjal) until he would catch hold of him at the gate of Ludd and would kill him. 

Then a people whom Allah had protected would come to Jesus, son of Mary, and he would wipe their faces and would inform them of their ranks in Paradise and it would be under such conditions that Allah would reveal to Jesus these words: I have brought forth from amongst My servants such people against whom none would be able to fight; you take these people safely to Tur. And then Allah would send Gog and Magog and they would swarm down from every slope.

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2937 a
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 136
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 7015

FIRST SHAHID FACE TO FACE FIGHT WITH DAJJAL


The Dajjal would come forth and a person from amongst the believers would go towards him and the armed men of the Dajjal would meet him and they would say to him: Where do you intend to go? He would say: I intend to go to this one who is coming forth. They would say to him: Don't you believe in our Lord? He would say: There is nothing hidden about our Lord. 

They would say: Kill him. Then some amongst them would say: Has your master (Dajjal) not forbidden you to kill anyone without (his consent)? 

And so they would take him to the Dajjal and when the believer would see him, he would say: O people. he is the Dajjal about whom Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) has informed (us). 

The Dajjal would then order for breaking his head and utter (these words): Catch hold of him and break his head. He would be struck even on his back and on his stomach. Then the Dajjal would ask him: Don't you believe in me? He would say: You are a false Messiah. 

He would then order him to be torn (into pieces) with a saw from the parting of his hair up to his legs. After that the Dajjal would walk between the two pieces. He would then say to him: Stand, and he would stand erect. He would then say to him: Don't you believe in me? 

And the person would say: It has only added to my insight concerning you (that you are really the Dajjal). 

He would then say: O people, he would not behave with anyone amongst people (in such a manner) after me. 

The Dajjal would try to catch hold of him so that he should kill him (again). The space between his neck and collar bone would be turned into copper and he would find no means to kill him. So he would catch hold of him by his hand and feet and throw him (into the air) and the people would think as if he had been thrown in the Hell-Fire whereas he would be thrown in Paradise. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: He would be the most eminent amongst persons in regard to martyrdom in the eye of the Lord of the world.

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2938 c
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 140
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 7019

DAJJAL IN MY UMMAH


Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: The Dajjal would appear in my Ummah and he would stay (in the world) for forty - I cannot say whether he meant forty days, forty months or forty years. And Allah would then send Jesus son of Mary who would resemble 'Urwa b Mas'ud. He (Jesus Christ) would chase him and kill him.

يَخْرُجُ الدَّجَّالُ فِي أُمَّتِي

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2940 a
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 144
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 702

ISFAHAN

The Dajjal would be followed by seventy thousand Jews of Isfahan wearing Persian shawls.

يَتْبَعُ الدَّجَّالَ مِنْ يَهُودِ أَصْبَهَانَ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفًا عَلَيْهِمُ الطَّيَالِسَةُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 2944
In-book reference	: Book 54, Hadith 155
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 41, Hadith 7034

TUAN HAJI DAJJAL

Verily Allah (hallowed be He and High) is not blind of one eye. Behold, but the Masih al-Dajjal is blind of right eye as if his eye is like a swollen grape, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: I was shown in a dream in the night that near the Ka'bah there was a man fair-complexioned, fine amongst the white-complexioned men that you ever saw, his locks of hair were falling on his shoulders. He was a man whose hair were neither too curly nor too straight, and water trickled down from his head. He was placing his bands on the shoulders of two persons and amidst them was making a circuit around the Ka'bah. I said: Who is he? They replied: Al-Masih son of Mary. And I saw behind him a man with intensely curly hair, blind of right eye. Amongst the persons I have ever seen Ibn Qatan has the greatest resemblance with him. He was making a circuit around the Ka'bah by placing both his hands on the shoulders of two persons. I said: Who is he? They said; It is al-Masih al-Dajjal.

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 169 b
In-book reference	: Book 1, Hadith 333
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 1, Hadith 324

DAJJAL'S SOLDIERS ARE PIOUS MUSLIMS?

There would arise from my Ummah a people who would recite the Qur'an, and your recital would seem insignificant as compared with their recital, your prayer as compared with their prayer, and your fast, as compared with their fast. They would recite the Qur'an thinking that it supports them, whereas it is an evidence against them. Their prayer does not get beyond their collar bone; they would swerve through Islam just as the arrow passes through the prey.

يَخْرُجُ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أُمَّتِي يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ لَيْسَ قِرَاءَتُكُمْ إِلَى قِرَاءَتِهِمْ بِشَىْءٍ وَلاَ صَلاَتُكُمْ إِلَى صَلاَتِهِمْ بِشَىْءٍ وَلاَ صِيَامُكُمْ إِلَى صِيَامِهِمْ بِشَىْءٍ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ يَحْسِبُونَ أَنَّهُ لَهُمْ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ لاَ تُجَاوِزُ صَلاَتُهُمْ تَرَاقِيَهُمْ يَمْرُقُونَ مِنَ الإِسْلاَمِ كَمَا يَمْرُقُ السَّهْمُ مِنَ الرَّمِيَّةِ ‏"

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 1066 f
In-book reference	: Book 12, Hadith 204
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 5, Hadith 2333